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Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

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Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.

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Updated: May 16, 2026

A Murine Model of Ischemic Retinal Injury Induced by Transient Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion

A Murine Model of Ischemic Retinal Injury Induced by Transient Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion

Published on: November 12, 2020

What can we learn about stroke from retinal ischemia models?

Philippe M D'Onofrio¹, Paulo D Koeberle

¹Faculty of medicine, Division of Anatomy, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

|December 4, 2012

Summary

The retinal ischemia model offers insights into central nervous system cell death pathways. Studying this model enhances understanding of neurodegeneration and potential treatments for ischemic damage.

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A Murine Model of Ischemic Retinal Injury Induced by Transient Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion

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Published on: November 12, 2020

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Focal Cortical Lesions by Photothrombosis

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Published on: May 6, 2021

Photothrombotic Ischemia: A Minimally Invasive and Reproducible Photochemical Cortical Lesion Model for Mouse Stroke Studies

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Published on: June 9, 2013

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ophthalmology
Cell Biology

Background:

Retinal ischemia serves as a model for central nervous system (CNS) trauma.
The retina, as part of the CNS, shares cell death pathways with other brain regions.
Its accessibility makes the retina a valuable model for studying ischemic injury.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine cell death pathways in the retinal ischemia model.
To investigate the role of neurotrophic factors in retinal ischemia.
To relate findings to CNS degeneration and potential therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on retinal ischemia.
Characterization of cell death mechanisms (apoptosis, necrosis).
Analysis of neurotrophic factor involvement.

Main Results:

Identified key cell death pathways activated by retinal ischemia.
Highlighted the role of neurotrophic factors in mitigating ischemic damage.
Established parallels between retinal and broader CNS ischemic responses.

Conclusions:

The retinal ischemia model is crucial for understanding CNS cell death.
Neurotrophic factors show therapeutic potential for ischemic retinopathies and CNS injuries.
Further research can advance treatments for neurodegenerative conditions.