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PexLoc-Parallel excitation using local encoding magnetic fields with nonlinear and nonbijective spatial profiles.

M Haas¹, P Ullmann, J T Schneider

¹Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

|December 4, 2012

Summary

Nonlinear magnetic fields offer new flexibility in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), enabling adaptable resolution and faster imaging. This study demonstrates their feasibility for advanced spatial encoding and selective excitation, improving imaging capabilities.

Keywords:

PatLoc nonlinear encoding fields parallel excitation (PEX)spatially selective excitation (SSE)

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Area of Science:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Biomedical Engineering
Physics

Background:

Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relies on linear magnetic fields for spatial encoding, limiting flexibility.
Nonlinear magnetic fields offer new degrees of freedom for spatial encoding in MRI.
Potential applications include adapting imaging resolution, reducing nerve stimulation, and accelerating imaging speed.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the potential of nonlinear and nonbijective spatially encoding magnetic fields (SEMs) for spatial encoding during multidimensional spatially selective excitation.
To introduce methods for designing radiofrequency pulses based on nonlinear encoding fields for selective excitation.
To demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of using nonlinear SEMs in MRI.

Main Methods:

Development of radiofrequency pulse design methods for multidimensional spatially selective excitation using nonlinear encoding fields.
Utilizing parallel transmission to resolve encoding ambiguities.
Simulations and phantom experiments to validate the proposed methods.

Main Results:

Demonstrated feasibility of selective excitation using nonlinear, nonbijective SEMs.
Showed that spatial resolution for transverse magnetization distribution varies locally.
Achieved increased resolution in specific regions compared to conventional linear encoding.
Provided experimental proof of principle for accelerated 2D spatially selective excitation using nonlinear SEMs.

Conclusions:

Nonlinear SEMs provide enhanced flexibility for spatial encoding in MRI.
Nonlinear encoding enables locally adaptable resolution, potentially exceeding conventional methods.
This approach facilitates accelerated and more precise spatially selective excitation in MRI.