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Updated: May 16, 2026
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Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
Published on: December 31, 2015
Propranolol concentrations after oral administration in term and preterm neonates
L Filippi1, G Cavallaro, P Fiorini
1Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical Surgical Feto-Neonatal Department, A. Meyer University Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy. l.filippi@meyer.it
Summary
This study evaluated propranolol pharmacokinetics in neonates, finding drug levels proportional to dose but with a longer elimination half-life, suggesting slower metabolism in newborns. This is the first such evaluation in this population.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal pharmacology
- Pediatric pharmacokinetics
- Drug metabolism
Background:
- Propranolol pharmacokinetics is well-established in adults.
- Limited data exists on propranolol pharmacokinetics in neonates.
- Understanding neonatal drug metabolism is crucial for safe and effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate propranolol pharmacokinetics in term and preterm neonates.
- To compare neonatal propranolol pharmacokinetic parameters with adult values.
- To assess the influence of gestational age and sex on propranolol pharmacokinetics in neonates.
Main Methods:
- Oral propranolol administered at 0.5 or 0.25 mg/kg every 6 hours.
- Propranolol concentrations measured via serial dried blood spots.
- Pharmacokinetic parameters analyzed at steady state.
Main Results:
- Propranolol levels were proportional to the administered dose.
- Maximal, minimal, and average concentrations were similar to adults.
- Elimination half-life was significantly longer in neonates compared to adults.
- Apparent total body clearance was lower in neonates, indicating slower metabolism.
- No significant differences observed between different gestational ages or sexes.
Conclusions:
- Neonates achieve propranolol concentrations proportional to the administered dose.
- Neonates exhibit a significantly longer elimination half-life for propranolol.
- These findings suggest slower propranolol metabolism in neonates compared to adults.
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