Bonding of dental porcelain to non-cast titanium with different surface treatments

This study investigated the bonding of dental porcelain to non-cast Ti surface with different treatments. Mechanically ground non-cast Ti strips, simulating surface conditions produced by CAD/CAM, were Al(2)O(3)-sandblasted, then subjected to different surface treatments, including immersion in HNO(3)-containing acid, NaOH-containing alkaline, and NaOH-containing alkaline then HNO(3)-containing acid. Ti-porcelain specimens preparations and their bend strength measurements were based on ISO 9693. Ti surface treatment changed not only surface roughness but also surface chemistry, leading to influence on bond strength. Bond strengths of all Ti-porcelain groups were higher than ISO 9693 minimum requirement. The sandblasted/acid-treated Ti surface showed the highest bond strength (34.60 MPa) with porcelain; no significant difference in bond strength (27.92-29.63 MPa) was found among other Tiporcelain groups. All Ti-porcelain specimens showed adhesive bond failure. Bonding between non-cast Ti and dental porcelain was strengthened by a simple and practical sandblasting/acid-etching treatment of the Ti surface prior to porcelain sintering.