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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
Biasing of FET01:22

Biasing of FET

Biasing a Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) is crucial for setting operational parameters and ensuring efficient functioning in electronic circuits. JFETs are characterized by using a single carrier type in N-channel or P-channel configurations, where the channel is surrounded by PN junctions. These junctions are central to the device's ability to control current flow.
In an N-channel JFET, the structure consists of N-type material forming the channel on a P-type substrate, with the gate...
Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation01:10

Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation

Signal processing techniques are essential for accurately converting continuous signals to digital formats and vice versa. When a continuous signal is sampled with a period T, the resulting sampled signal exhibits replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain, spaced at intervals equal to the sampling frequency. To handle this sampled signal, a zero-order hold method can be applied, which creates a piecewise constant signal by retaining each sample's value until the next sampling...
Clipper Circuit01:18

Clipper Circuit

A clipper circuit is a fundamental wave-shaping device that harnesses the unique properties of diodes to alter and control waveform characteristics. This technology is widely used in electronic devices, especially in television and radar communication systems, where it enhances waveform modulation in both transmitters and receivers.
The operation of a clipper circuit can be exemplified by analyzing a dual-clipper configuration setup that integrates two ideal diodes, each paired with a biasing...
Sampling Continuous Time Signal01:11

Sampling Continuous Time Signal

In signal processing, a continuous-time signal can be sampled using an impulse-train sampling technique, followed by the zero-order hold method. Impulse-train sampling involves the use of a periodic impulse train, which consists of a series of delta functions spaced at regular intervals determined by the sampling period. When a continuous-time signal is multiplied by this impulse train, it generates impulses with amplitudes corresponding to the signal's values at the sampling points.
In the...
Rectangular and Triangular Pulse Function01:19

Rectangular and Triangular Pulse Function

The unit rectangular pulse function is mathematically represented by a rectangular function centered at the origin with a height of one unit. This function is defined by two parameters: T, which specifies the center location of the pulse along the time axis, and τ, which determines the pulse duration.
For example, consider a rectangular pulse with a 5V amplitude, a 3-second duration, and centered at t=2 seconds. This pulse can be expressed using the rectangular function, written as,

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
10:17

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

A real-time n/γ digital pulse shape discriminator based on FPGA.

Shiping Li1, Xiufeng Xu, Hongrui Cao

  • 1Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China. liship@mail.ustc.edu.cn

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|December 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A novel Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based digital pulse shape discriminator effectively separates neutrons from gammas in mixed radiation fields. This technology achieves excellent discrimination quality and zero dead time for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
10:17

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear instrumentation
  • Fusion energy research

Background:

  • Accurate neutron detection is crucial for fusion reactor monitoring.
  • Distinguishing neutrons from gamma rays in mixed fields presents a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a real-time digital pulse shape discriminator for neutron detection.
  • To enhance the performance of the Neutron Flux Monitor (NFM) for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) for parallel and pipeline processing.
  • Implemented simultaneous rise time and amplitude inspection techniques for pulse shape discrimination.
  • Integrated the discriminator into the Neutron Flux Monitor (NFM) system.

Main Results:

  • Achieved effective real-time separation of neutrons and gammas in mixed radiation fields.
  • Demonstrated excellent neutron/gamma discrimination quality.
  • Verified zero dead time performance of the developed discriminator.

Conclusions:

  • The FPGA-based real-time digital pulse shape discriminator meets the NFM requirements for ITER.
  • The developed system offers a robust solution for neutron detection in fusion environments.