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Updated: May 16, 2026

Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners
Published on: June 30, 2013
Evolving spectrum of HIV-associated nephropathy
Salman Ahmed1, Luan Truong, Garabed Eknoyan
1Renal Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Background:
The profile of renal pathology in HIV patients is undergoing significant changes in pattern in the HAART era, with the incidence of HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) decreasing and the incidence of non-HIVAN lesions increasing.
Case Reports:
We describe 2 cases of HIV-infected patients diagnosed with diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) and coexistent multiple myeloma, an association that has heretofore been unreported. The cases involve a 23-year-old man and a 54-year-old man who presented with renal failure and proteinuria. Kidney biopsy in both revealed DILS and further evaluation revealed both to have multiple myeloma.
Conclusion:
DILS is a late complication of AIDS that has become extremely rare in the United States during the HAART era. However, there are patients who present without an AIDS-defining illness or cancers. The development of multiple myeloma in the setting of HIV and DILS presents a novel, heretofore unreported association that may be important to recognize in HIV/AIDS patients with kidney failure.
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