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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives

Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
Osmotic or saline laxatives, like magnesium hydroxide or milk of...
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives01:22

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives

Laxatives enhance bowel movements and alleviate constipation. They augment the stool's bulk, stimulate intestinal muscle contractions, draw water into the intestines, or soften the stool. There are five key types of laxatives: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium, methylcellulose, and polycarbophil, absorb water in the intestine, increasing stool bulk and promoting bowel movement. This makes...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection
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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation via Colonoscopy for Recurrent C. difficile Infection

Published on: December 8, 2014

Colitides.

A Tortora1, F Purchiaroni, E Scarpellini

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|December 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) colitis, detailing their causes, occurrence, and symptoms. It highlights diagnostic methods and initial treatment strategies for these diverse colon conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Diseases

Background:

  • Colitides encompass diverse inflammatory colon conditions, arising independently or secondary to other diseases.
  • Etiopathogenesis and epidemiology for many colitides remain poorly understood.
  • Symptoms include chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding, necessitating endoscopic and biopsy confirmation to differentiate from IBD-associated colitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology, epidemiology, histopathology, and clinical features of non-IBD colitis.
  • To present preliminary therapeutic evidence for these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of non-IBD colitis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic approaches including endoscopy and mucosal biopsy.
  • Overview of clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Non-IBD colitides comprise conditions like microscopic, ischemic, radiation, and eosinophilic colitis.
  • Diagnosis relies on differentiating from IBD-associated colitis via endoscopic and histopathological findings.
  • Treatment is often empirical, with outcomes influenced by disease severity.

Conclusions:

  • Non-IBD colitides represent a spectrum of colonic inflammatory disorders with varied etiologies.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate management.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate pathogenesis and optimize therapeutic interventions.