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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home
02:28

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home

Published on: March 1, 2024

Psoriatic arthritis: an update.

Peter Lloyd1, Caitriona Ryan, Alan Menter

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Chicago (NorthShore), 2650 Ridge Avenue, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.

Arthritis
|December 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) affects psoriasis patients, with new research clarifying its genetic and immune causes. Advances are paving the way for targeted therapies, though early diagnosis tools remain limited.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home
02:28

Measuring Psoriasis Severity at Home

Published on: March 1, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) impacts a significant portion of psoriasis patients.
  • Understanding the complex pathophysiology of PsA has advanced recently.
  • Genetic factors specifically linked to joint involvement in PsA are being identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on PsA immunopathogenesis and genetics.
  • To discuss emerging biomarkers and screening tools for PsA.
  • To summarize targeted therapies for PsA currently in clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature.
  • Analysis of genetic studies identifying PsA-associated genes.
  • Examination of immunologic pathways implicated in PsA.
  • Survey of ongoing clinical trials for targeted PsA therapies.

Main Results:

  • Key immunologic pathways driving PsA have been elucidated.
  • Genetic discoveries highlight factors involved in joint disease, distinct from skin-only psoriasis.
  • Novel targeted therapies are progressing through the research pipeline.
  • Current diagnostic and therapeutic guidance tools for early PsA are limited.

Conclusions:

  • Recent advances offer a deeper understanding of PsA's complex origins.
  • Targeted therapies show promise for future PsA treatment.
  • There is an ongoing need for improved early diagnostic and screening methods for PsA.