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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
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The process of a solid dissolving in a liquid to form a solution is governed by the solubility limit, which is the maximum amount of the solid substance, or solute, that can be dissolved in a specific volume of the liquid or solvent. As the solute dissolves, it reaches a point where no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature - this is known as the saturation point. However, if further solute is added and it manages to dissolve, the solution becomes supersaturated. Supersaturated...
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Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
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Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

Supercooled liquids with enhanced orientational order.

Simona Capponi1, Simone Napolitano, Michael Wübbenhorst

  • 1Laboratory of Acoustics and Thermal Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven 3001, Belgium. snapolit@ulb.ac.be

Nature Communications
|December 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Researchers observed enhanced bond orientational order in ultrathin polyol films, suggesting a new metastable liquid phase. This finding offers insights into the complex nature of the glass transition in materials science.

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Published on: August 2, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • The glass transition, a liquid-to-disordered solid transformation, remains a significant challenge in materials science.
  • Current models propose that vitrification involves coexisting medium-range ordered regions and isotropic liquid.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the glass transition is crucial for designing new materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and impact of bond orientational order in ultrathin films of supercooled polyols.
  • To explore the relationship between deposition conditions, molecular size, and the kinetic stability of ordered liquid phases.
  • To provide experimental evidence supporting models of vitrification involving ordered regions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of ultrathin films of polyols using physical vapor deposition.
  • Systematic variation of deposition conditions (e.g., temperature, rate) and molecular size.
  • Characterization of bond orientational order and kinetic stability.
  • Dielectric spectroscopy to probe structural dynamics and phase behavior.

Main Results:

  • Observed an extraordinary enhancement in bond orientational order in ultrathin supercooled polyol films.
  • Demonstrated tunability of kinetic stability by altering deposition conditions and molecular size.
  • Observed increased dielectric strength and slower structural dynamics compared to ordinary supercooled liquids.
  • Identified a metastable liquid phase with improved orientational correlations.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides experimental evidence for enhanced bond orientational order in ultrathin polyol films, supporting theoretical models of vitrification.
  • A metastable liquid phase with significant orientational correlations can be kinetically stabilized.
  • These findings advance the understanding of the glass transition and offer pathways for controlling material properties through thin-film deposition techniques.