Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

Fermi Level Dynamics

Fermi Level Dynamics

The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...

Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals

Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals

Lattice energy represents the energy released when gaseous cations and anions combine to form an ionic solid, reflecting the strength of electrostatic interactions within the crystal. This process is fundamentally governed by Coulombic attraction between oppositely charged ions, where the potential energy varies inversely with the interionic distance and directly with the product of ionic charges. As ions approach one another, the electrostatic energy becomes increasingly negative, indicating a...

First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium

First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium

Recall that a particle in equilibrium is one for which the external forces are balanced. Static equilibrium involves objects at rest, and dynamic equilibrium involves objects in motion without acceleration; but it is important to remember that these conditions are relative. For instance, an object may be at rest when viewed from one frame of reference, but that same object would appear to be in motion when viewed by someone moving at a constant velocity.
Newton's first law tells us about the...

Bewley Lattice Diagram

Bewley Lattice Diagram

The Bewley lattice diagram, developed by L. V. Bewley, effectively organizes the reflections occurring during transmission-line transients. It visually represents how voltage waves propagate and reflect within a transmission line, making it easier to understand the complex interactions that occur.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Evidence of Spin-Interference Effects in Exclusive J/ψ→e^{+}e^{-} Photoproduction in Ultraperipheral Heavy-Ion Collisions.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

First Observation of Deuteron-Λ Correlations at RHIC.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

Observation of Charmonium Sequential Suppression in Heavy-Ion Collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

[Evaluation of the embryonic developmental toxicity of 3, 4-dinitrofurazanfuroxan using embryonic stem cell test model].

Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases·2026

Same author

Characterization of tumor-associated microbiome in multifocal small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs).

ESMO gastrointestinal oncology·2026

Same author

Energy Independence of the Collins Asymmetry in p^{↑}p Collisions.

Physical review letters·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots

Published on: November 1, 2013

Geometrically locked vortex lattices in semiconductor quantum fluids.

G Tosi¹, G Christmann, N G Berloff

¹NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, JJ Thompson Avenue, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.

Nature Communications

|December 6, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers harnessed semiconductor polaritons to measure quantum fluid wavefunctions. They observed phase-locked vortices in high-quality microcavities, creating reconfigurable quantum fluidic circuits.

More Related Videos

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

Published on: February 1, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots

Nanofabrication of Gate-defined GaAs/AlGaAs Lateral Quantum Dots

Published on: November 1, 2013

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

Published on: February 1, 2017

Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Condensed matter physics
Semiconductor microcavities

Background:

Semiconductor microcavities enable creation and manipulation of macroscopic quantum states using exciton-photon quasiparticles called polaritons.
Polaritons serve as an ideal platform for studying out-of-equilibrium condensates and exploring quantum fluid dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To harness the photonic component of semiconductor quantum fluids to measure coherent wavefunctions on macroscopic scales.
To investigate the phase-locking behavior of polaritons from independent pumping spots in high-quality microcavities.

Main Methods:

Utilizing semiconductor microcavity chips for polariton generation and manipulation.
Employing optical techniques to probe and measure the coherent wavefunction of polaritons.
Independently pumping separated spots to observe phase-locking phenomena.

Main Results:

Phase-locking of polaritons from independent spots was achieved in high-quality microcavities.
Up to 100 vortices and antivortices were generated, extending over tens of microns and remaining locked for minutes.
Regular vortex lattices exhibited high sensitivity to optical geometry, with modulational instabilities observed only in square lattices.

Conclusions:

The study demonstrates a method to measure macroscopic quantum fluid wavefunctions using polaritons.
The observed vortex lattices mimic 1D and 2D spin systems, offering reconfigurable control over quantum fluidic circuits.
These findings open avenues for widespread applications in controlling quantum fluidic systems and quantum information processing.