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Quantifying the effects of not stirring between repetitive chronoamperometric experiments
Stephen W Feldberg1, Ruchika Ojha, Alan M Bond
1Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA. feldberg@bnl.gov
Analytical Chemistry
|December 11, 2012
Summary
This study investigates electroanalytical protocols without stirring. Scheme 2, involving no electron transfer during the recovery phase, shows significantly higher analyte recovery than Scheme 1, which involves reduction.
Area of Science:
- Electrochemistry
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Stirring is typically required in electroanalytical methods to ensure consistent initial conditions.
- Experimental conditions may preclude stirring, necessitating alternative approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate electroanalytical protocols under quiescent (unstirred) conditions.
- To compare two schemes of potential stepping and their impact on analyte recovery.
Main Methods:
- Examined two schemes (Scheme 1 and Scheme 2) involving potential steps.
- Defined a recovery parameter based on analyte concentration and time ratios.
- Analyzed diffusion-controlled redox reactions and open-circuit conditions.
Main Results:
- Scheme 1 involves redox reaction during both potential steps.
- Scheme 2 involves redox reaction in the first step and open-circuit conditions in the second.
- Scheme 2 demonstrated significantly higher analyte recovery compared to Scheme 1 for equivalent time ratios.
Conclusions:
- Quiescent electroanalytical protocols can be effective, particularly when employing strategies like Scheme 2.
- The choice of experimental scheme significantly impacts analyte recovery in unstirred solutions.
- Scheme 2 offers a more efficient recovery of the initial analyte state without stirring.
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