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Identifying persistent negative symptoms in first episode psychosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Persistent negative symptoms (PNS) significantly impact functional outcomes in first episode psychosis (FEP) but are not well understood.
  • This study investigates the heuristic value and prevalence of different PNS definitions in FEP patients.
  • It also compares these definitions to the Proxy for the Deficit Syndrome (PDS) for identifying deficit syndrome (DS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the prevalence of various definitions of persistent negative symptoms (PNS) in first episode psychosis (FEP).
  • To compare the predictive value of different PNS definitions and the Proxy for the Deficit Syndrome (PDS) on functional outcomes.
  • To determine the applicability of PNS compared to DS in FEP.

Main Methods:

  • 158 FEP patients were assessed using the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS).
  • Three definitions of PNS were used, requiring symptoms to persist for at least six months.
  • Functional outcomes were measured at baseline and 12 months.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence rates for PNS were 27% (PNS_1), 13.2% (PNS_2), and 13.2% (PNS_H).
  • Deficit syndrome (DS) prevalence was 3% using PDS.
  • All PNS definitions showed significant associations with worse functional outcomes at 12 months, comparable to each other.

Conclusions:

  • Persistent negative symptoms (PNS) are present in approximately 27% of FEP patients.
  • PNS appears more applicable to FEP than deficit syndrome (DS).
  • The choice of PNS definition depends on specific clinical or research goals, as all definitions effectively predicted functional outcomes.