[Conversion disorder].

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Psychiatry
• Psychology

Context:

• Current diagnostic criteria for conversion disorder present challenges.
• The label 'conversion disorder' is debated, with 'functional neurological symptoms' proposed as an alternative.
• Existing diagnostic requirements, such as excluding malingering and linking to psychological factors, are problematic.

Purpose:

• To propose revised diagnostic criteria for functional neurological symptoms.
• To address the limitations of current conversion disorder diagnostic requirements.
• To integrate findings from functional neuroanatomy into diagnostic considerations.

Summary:

• Functional neurological symptoms are neurological manifestations without an identifiable neurological disease.
• Proposed criteria emphasize positive clinical features over exclusion of other disorders.
• Patients may perceive symptoms as involuntary and spontaneous, supported by functional anatomy studies.

Impact:

• Revised criteria could improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce patient distress.
• Shifting focus from exclusion to positive identification may enhance clinical management.
• Integration of cognitive behavioural therapy is recommended for persistent cases.