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Updated: May 16, 2026
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Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
[« Double flag » flap nipple reconstruction. Clinical evaluation on 70 cases]
A Grosdidier1, J Lebeau1, C Ochala1
1Service de chirurgie plastique, CHU de Grenoble, 38700 La Tronche, France.
Annales De Chirurgie Plastique Et Esthetique
|December 11, 2012
Summary
The double flag flap technique for nipple reconstruction is effective, with 74% patient satisfaction and good long-term projection. Breast skin quality significantly impacts nipple reconstruction outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Reconstructive Surgery
- Oncology
Context:
- Nipple reconstruction is a crucial component of breast reconstruction after mastectomy.
- The
- double flag
- local flap technique has been utilized since 2004.
- Long-term outcomes and influencing factors require thorough assessment.
Purpose:
- To retrospectively evaluate the long-term results of the
- double flag
- local flap for nipple reconstruction.
- To identify factors influencing patient and surgeon satisfaction.
- To compare outcomes with existing literature.
Summary:
- Seventy nipple reconstructions using the
- double flag
- flap were analyzed.
- Patient satisfaction was 74%, and clinician satisfaction was 66%.
- Average nipple diameter was 12.6mm, height 4.9mm, and projection ratio 0.8; a 0.7 ratio was the satisfaction threshold. Complete necrosis occurred in 4%.
Impact:
- The
- double flag
- flap demonstrates encouraging long-term results for nipple reconstruction.
- Tegument quality of the reconstructed breast is a significant determinant of nipple reconstruction success.
- Findings provide valuable data for optimizing nipple reconstruction techniques.