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Related Concept Videos

Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
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Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
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Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are often produced in specific glands and circulated via the circulatory system. However, plants lack hormone-producing glands.
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Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
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Plants grow throughout their lives; this is called indeterminate growth, and it distinguishes plants from most animals. Although certain parts of plants stop growing (e.g., leaves and flowers), others grow continuously—like roots and stems.

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Plant hormone signaling during development: insights from computational models.

Marina Oliva1, Etienne Farcot, Teva Vernoux

  • 1Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, CNRS, INRA, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Plant hormone signaling networks are increasingly understood through complex models. These models help explain how plants process hormones for growth, development, and cellular responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Systems biology
  • Molecular signaling

Background:

  • Knowledge of plant hormone signaling network topology has grown significantly.
  • Complex network topologies necessitate modeling for understanding hormonal input processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in modeling plant hormone signaling networks.
  • To highlight how modeling aids understanding of hormone perception, cellular responses, and development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on plant hormone signaling network modeling.
  • Discussion of computational and experimental tools for quantitative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Modeling provides insights into hormone perception and transcriptional regulation.
  • Spatio-temporal regulation modeling clarifies roles in plant growth and patterning.
  • New tools enable quantitative hormone distribution analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Modeling is crucial for deciphering complex plant hormone signaling.
  • Quantitative understanding of hormonal developmental roles is advancing.
  • Integration of modeling and experimental tools drives progress.