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Related Concept Videos

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)01:06

Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)

Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling. This phenomenon, called the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring spin-active...
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
08:22

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization

Published on: August 6, 2018

Robust and efficient 19F heteronuclear dipolar decoupling using refocused continuous-wave rf irradiation.

Joachim M Vinther1, Navin Khaneja, Niels Chr Nielsen

  • 1Center for Insoluble Protein Structures (inSPIN), Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) and Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Refocused continuous wave (rCW) decoupling enhances magic-angle-spinning solid-state NMR spectra for low-gamma spins like carbon-13 coupled to fluorine-19. This robust method improves spectral resolution by eliminating residual dipolar couplings and cross-terms.

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An Experimental Protocol for Femtosecond NIR/UV - XUV Pump-Probe Experiments with Free-Electron Lasers

Published on: October 23, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Obtaining well-resolved solid-state NMR spectra of low-gamma spins, particularly those involving fluorine-19, presents significant challenges due to strong dipolar couplings.
  • Existing decoupling techniques like TPPM and SPINAL-64 have limitations in handling the large shift ranges and complex interactions common with fluorine-19 NMR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate Refocused continuous wave (rCW) decoupling as an efficient and robust method for improving solid-state NMR spectra of low-gamma spins.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of rCW decoupling for systems with carbon-13 dipolar coupled to fluorine-19.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of Refocused continuous wave (rCW) decoupling sequences, incorporating refocusing pulses into continuous wave irradiation.
  • Analytical and numerical simulations to analyze the effectiveness of rCW decoupling in eliminating residual second- and third-order dipolar couplings and cross-terms.
  • Experimental validation of rCW decoupling performance across various radiofrequency (rf) amplitudes and spinning speeds, compared against established methods (TPPM, SPINAL-64).

Main Results:

  • rCW decoupling provides well-resolved magic-angle-spinning solid-state NMR spectra for low-gamma spins, specifically demonstrated for (13)C-(19)F spin systems.
  • The rCW sequences exhibit robustness against large isotropic and anisotropic shift ranges typical of (19)F spins.
  • rCW decoupling shows superior performance and ease of experimental setup compared to TPPM, SPINAL-64, and their frequency-swept variants.

Conclusions:

  • Refocused continuous wave (rCW) decoupling is a highly effective technique for obtaining high-quality solid-state NMR spectra of challenging low-gamma spin systems.
  • The robustness and operational flexibility of rCW decoupling make it a valuable advancement for solid-state NMR applications, particularly in fluorine-containing materials.