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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse.
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

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Registered Bioimaging of Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Monitoring
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Molecular dynamics parameter maps by 1H Hahn echo and mixed-echo phase-encoding MRI.

Dan E Demco1, Ana-Maria Oros-Peusquens, Lavinia Utiu

  • 1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Jülich, Juelich, Germany. demco@mc.rwth-aachen.de

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Mixed echo phase-encoding solid imaging (MIPSI) enables enhanced signal recovery and higher special resolution in soft matter NMR imaging. This method provides detailed residual dipolar couplings and correlation time maps for studying molecular motions.

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Soft matter characterization requires advanced imaging techniques.
  • Molecular dynamics influence NMR signal properties.
  • Existing methods have limitations in resolution and signal recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate Mixed Echo Phase-Encoding Solid Imaging (MIPSI) for soft matter.
  • To obtain residual dipolar couplings and averaged correlation time maps.
  • To compare MIPSI with traditional Hahn-echo methods.

Main Methods:

  • Application of Mixed Echo Phase-Encoding Solid Imaging (MIPSI).
  • Utilizing density operator formalism within the average Hamiltonian approximation.
  • Comparison with Hahn-echo phase-frequency encoding MRI.

Main Results:

  • MIPSI demonstrates weak incoherence losses, improving signal intensity recovery.
  • MIPSI allows for larger phase-encoding intervals, achieving higher special resolution.
  • Preliminary experimental results show the feasibility of generating parameter maps.

Conclusions:

  • MIPSI offers significant advantages for soft matter NMR imaging.
  • The technique facilitates detailed mapping of molecular motion parameters.
  • MIPSI presents a promising advancement for studying complex materials.