Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Parallel Resonance

Parallel Resonance

The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.

Small-Signal Analysis of MOSFET Amplifiers

Small-Signal Analysis of MOSFET Amplifiers

In small-signal analysis, a MOSFET transistor amplifier acts as a linear amplifier when operating in its saturation region. The gate-to-source voltage (VGS) of the MOSFET is the sum of the DC biasing voltage and the small time-varying input signal. This combination sets up the operating point and modulates the drain current (ID) that flows from the drain to the source. When a small AC signal is superimposed on the DC bias voltage at the gate, the instantaneous drain current comprises three...

MOSFET Amplifiers

MOSFET Amplifiers

The MOSFET, when operating in its active region, functions as a voltage-controlled current source. In this region, the gate-to-source voltage controls the drain current. This principle underlies the operation of the transconductance MOSFET amplifier. The output current is directed through a load resistor to convert this amplifier into a voltage amplifier. The output voltage is then obtained by subtracting the voltage drop across the load resistance from the supply voltage. This process results...

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any finite,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Microcell atomic clock using laser current-actuated power modulation with 10<sup>-12</sup> range stability at 1 day.

Scientific reports·2025

Same author

Frequency Shifts in a Coherent Population Trapping Cs Vapor Cell Atomic Clock.

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control·2025

Same author

Sub-Doppler spectroscopy of the Cs atom 6S<sub>1/2</sub>-7P<sub>1/2</sub> transition at 459 nm in a microfabricated vapor cell.

Optics letters·2024

Same author

Cs microcell optical reference with frequency stability in the low 10<sup>-13</sup> range at 1 s.

Optics letters·2023

Same author

Pulsed-CPT Cs-Ne microcell atomic clock with frequency stability below 2 × 10<sup>-12</sup> at 10<sup>5</sup> s.

Optics express·2023

Same author

Wafer-level vapor cells filled with laser-actuated hermetic seals for integrated atomic devices.

Microsystems & nanoengineering·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Published on: August 5, 2013

Phase noise in RF and microwave amplifiers.

Rodolphe Boudot¹, Enrico Rubiola

¹Franche-Comte Electronique Mecanique Thermique Optique–Sciences et Technologies, Time and Frequency Department, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Besancon, France. rubiola@femto-st.fr

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control

|December 11, 2012

Summary

This study models amplifier phase noise, differentiating between white and flicker noise. It analyzes how amplifier configurations like parallel, cascaded, and feedforward architectures impact noise performance, offering design insights.

More Related Videos

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Published on: August 5, 2013

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Physics
Microwave Photonics

Background:

Amplifier phase noise is critical in diverse fields like telecommunications, radar, and radio astronomy.
Two primary noise types, white and flicker, affect amplifier performance.
Flicker noise (1/f noise) is a pervasive issue in electronic devices, impacting carrier modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a system-oriented model for understanding and analyzing amplifier phase flickering.
To systematically analyze various amplifier architectures (cascaded, parallel, feedforward) concerning phase noise.
To provide experimental validation and design guidelines for minimizing amplifier phase noise.

Main Methods:

Developed a general model to describe phase flickering in amplifiers.
Analyzed the impact of parallel, cascaded, and regenerative amplifier configurations on flicker noise (b(-1)).
Conducted extensive experimental measurements across HF to microwave frequencies using diverse amplifier technologies.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that parallel amplifiers reduce flicker noise by 1/m, while cascaded amplifiers increase it by m.
Showed that regenerative amplifiers significantly amplify flicker noise (m^2 factor).
Confirmed that feedforward amplifiers achieve extremely low flicker noise due to carrier nulling.

Conclusions:

The proposed model accurately describes amplifier phase flickering and is validated by experimental data.
Specific amplifier architectures have predictable effects on phase noise, offering a basis for design choices.
The findings provide practical design guidelines and simulation suggestions for optimizing amplifier phase noise performance.