Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 16, 2026
08:57
Identifying, Diagnosing, and Grading Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models
Published on: May 17, 2024
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: A diagnostic challenge
Reshma P Ambulkar1, Vijaya P Patil, Aliasgar V Moiyadi
1Department of Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Journal of Anaesthesiology, Clinical Pharmacology
|December 11, 2012
Summary
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS), a rare but fatal condition, was diagnosed in a pediatric patient post-craniopharyngioma surgery. Carbamazepine was identified as the causative agent, highlighting the importance of prompt recognition and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Neuro-oncology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Craniopharyngioma surgery can lead to complex post-operative complications.
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is a rare, life-threatening condition associated with neuroleptic medications.
Observation:
- A 7-year-old girl developed hyperkalemic cardiac arrest after craniopharyngioma surgery.
- The patient was diagnosed with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS), with carbamazepine identified as the likely causative drug.
Findings:
- NMS diagnosis was established through exclusion of other potential causes.
- Treatment involved supportive care, including withdrawal of carbamazepine and administration of dantrolene and bromocriptine.
Implications:
- This case underscores the potential for NMS in pediatric patients, even with non-traditional neuroleptic agents like carbamazepine.
- Prompt recognition and management of NMS are critical for improving patient outcomes in post-operative settings.
- Highlights the diagnostic challenge of NMS, emphasizing the need for heightened clinical suspicion.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
01:19Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
01:21Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
01:13Seizures: Classification
Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
01:26Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
01:22Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction
Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...