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Related Concept Videos

Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...
Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...

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Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
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Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Male contraception.

Vivek Mathew1, Ganapathi Bantwal

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, St. Johns Medical College, Bangalore, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|December 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Male contraception offers a promising alternative to traditional female-focused birth control. Both hormonal and non-hormonal methods are being explored, with reversible inhibition of sperm showing particular potential for future male contraceptive options.

Keywords:
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistshormonal contraceptionmale contraceptionnon hormonal contraceptionreversible inhibition of sperm under guidance

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An In Vivo Method to Study Mouse Blood-Testis Barrier Integrity
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Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
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Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

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An In Vivo Method to Study Mouse Blood-Testis Barrier Integrity
05:48

An In Vivo Method to Study Mouse Blood-Testis Barrier Integrity

Published on: December 2, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Endocrinology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Traditional contraception primarily targets women, creating an imbalance in reproductive responsibility.
  • Male contraception presents an attractive alternative for population control and family planning.
  • Advancements in understanding male reproductive physiology are paving the way for new contraceptive strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of male contraceptive options.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and potential of both hormonal and non-hormonal male contraceptives.
  • To highlight promising future directions in male birth control research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on male contraception.
  • Analysis of hormonal male contraceptive approaches, including testosterone-based methods.
  • Examination of non-hormonal reversible male contraceptive strategies, such as sperm inhibition.

Main Results:

  • Hormonal male contraception, particularly using testosterone, has demonstrated positive outcomes.
  • Non-hormonal methods, like reversible inhibition of sperm, are emerging as highly promising.
  • A variety of approaches are under investigation, offering diverse options for male birth control.

Conclusions:

  • Male contraception is a viable and increasingly important area of reproductive health research.
  • Both hormonal and non-hormonal methods hold significant potential for effective male birth control.
  • Further research into reversible non-hormonal methods could lead to breakthrough male contraceptive options.