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Hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Arundhati Dasgupta1, Dipti Sarma, Uma Kaimal Saikia
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|December 11, 2012
Summary
Hypomagnesemia, or low magnesium levels, affects over 11% of type 2 diabetes patients. This deficiency is linked to worse blood sugar control and increased risk of diabetic complications like retinopathy and foot ulcers.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Hypomagnesemia is a known complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Magnesium deficiency may contribute to endothelial dysfunction and impaired insulin function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of hypomagnesemia in noncritically ill patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- To evaluate the association between hypomagnesemia and glycemic control.
- To assess the relationship between hypomagnesemia and long-term diabetic complications.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 150 noncritically ill type 2 diabetes mellitus patients admitted for hyperglycemia or complications.
- Serum magnesium levels were measured upon admission.
- Patients with low magnesium were re-evaluated.
Main Results:
- Hypomagnesemia (serum magnesium < 1.6 mg/dl) was found in 11.33% of patients.
- Hypomagnesemic patients had higher mean HbA1c (11.9% vs. 9.8%).
- Increased prevalence of retinopathy, microalbuminuria, and foot ulcers was observed in hypomagnesemic patients.
Conclusions:
- Hypomagnesemia is associated with poorer glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
- The study found a link between hypomagnesemia and increased risk of retinopathy, nephropathy, and foot ulcers.
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