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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Determination of Molar Masses of Polymers II01:27

Determination of Molar Masses of Polymers II

Polymer samples typically consist of macromolecular chains with a distribution of lengths, resulting in a range of molar masses rather than a single discrete value. Conventional descriptors such as the number-average molar mass and weight-average molar mass quantify this distribution but do not fully capture polymer behavior in solution..The viscosity-average molar mass provides a more realistic description of polymer behavior in solution because it accounts for the enhanced contribution of...
Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution01:10

Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution

For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...

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Polymers pushing Polymers: Polymer Mixtures in Thermodynamic Equilibrium with a Pore.

R Podgornik1, J Hopkins, V A Parsegian

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA 01003, USA ; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, and Department of Theoretical Physics, J. Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Macromolecules
|December 11, 2012
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Summary

We developed a model for polymer partitioning into nanometer cavities. Non-penetrating polymers can influence smaller polymers entering pores, leading to complex partitioning behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding polymer behavior in confined spaces is crucial for nanotechnology.
  • Polymer mixtures present complex interactions affecting phase separation and partitioning.
  • Nanometer-sized cavities offer unique environments for studying polymer dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate polymer partitioning from binary mixtures into nanometer cavities.
  • To develop a theoretical framework describing the influence of non-penetrating polymers on partitioning.
  • To introduce and analyze the
  • polymers-pushing-polymers
  • phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of an equation of state for a binary polymer mixture.
  • Derivation of polymer partitioning equilibrium equations.
  • Numerical solution of the derived equations to model partitioning behavior.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that non-penetrating polymers significantly impact the partitioning of penetrating polymers.
  • Introduced the concept of
  • polymers-pushing-polymers
  • to describe this influence.
  • Showcased complex dependencies of partitioning on mixture composition and pore-penetration energy.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer partitioning into nanometer cavities is highly sensitive to mixture composition.
  • The
  • polymers-pushing-polymers
  • effect can lead to both enhanced and diminished partitioning.
  • Two distinct energy scales govern the observed partitioning phenomena in binary polymer mixtures.