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Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

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Orbitofrontal cortex abnormality and deficit schizophrenia.

Nobuhisa Kanahara1, Yoshimoto Sekine, Tadashi Haraguchi

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. kanahara@faculty.chiba-u.jp

Schizophrenia Research
|December 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People with schizophrenia deficit syndrome have reduced blood flow in the prefrontal cortex. Specifically, the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) shows decreased blood flow, suggesting its role in severe negative symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Deficit syndrome is a subtype of schizophrenia characterized by persistent negative symptoms.
  • Negative symptoms are linked to frontal lobe dysfunction, but the specific etiology in deficit syndrome is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) differences in patients with schizophrenia deficit syndrome compared to non-deficit syndrome and healthy controls.
  • To identify specific brain regions associated with the pathophysiology of deficit syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
  • Voxel-wise comparison of rCBF was performed among 33 deficit syndrome patients, 40 non-deficit syndrome patients, and 45 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • All schizophrenia groups exhibited hypoperfusion in medial and lateral prefrontal cortices.
  • The deficit syndrome group showed significantly reduced rCBF in the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) compared to the non-deficit group.

Conclusions:

  • Hypofrontality is a common feature in schizophrenia, particularly in the prefrontal cortex.
  • The right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) may be critically involved in the severe negative symptoms characteristic of deficit syndrome.