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Effects of Chemicals: Overview01:27

Effects of Chemicals: Overview

Drugs, encompassing various chemical compounds from natural sources, lab synthesis, or genetic engineering, elicit different biological responses in living organisms. Some of these responses are desirable or therapeutic, while others are undesirable. The primary goal of administering a drug is to achieve a therapeutic effect, that is, to address a specific disease or health condition. Any concurrent effects outside of this therapeutic outcome are considered undesirable. These undesirable...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Applying Cheminformatics to Develop a Structure Searchable Database of Analytical Methods
05:34

Applying Cheminformatics to Develop a Structure Searchable Database of Analytical Methods

Published on: June 6, 2025

Assuring access to data for chemical evaluations.

Lynn R Goldman1, Ellen K Silbergeld

  • 1School of Public Health and Health Services, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA. goldmanL@gwu.edu

Environmental Health Perspectives
|December 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Creating a public database for U.S. EPA pesticide and chemical review studies is proposed. While raw data access is limited, a systematic data registration system is more feasible than proactive raw data collection.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Toxicology
  • Regulatory science

Background:

  • Growing demand for transparency in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) pesticide and chemical reviews.
  • Need for systematic assessment of chemicals and pesticides requires accessible study data.
  • Existing Information Quality Act (IQA) and Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) mechanisms for data requests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review Information Quality Act (IQA) requests to the U.S. EPA from 2002-2012 and the agency's responses.
  • To identify alternative mechanisms for accessing study data used in U.S. EPA reviews.
  • To assess the feasibility of creating a centralized database for pesticide and chemical studies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of all IQA requests submitted to the U.S. EPA between 2002 and 2012.
  • Review of U.S. EPA's responses to these IQA requests.
  • Identification and evaluation of other data access methods: public databases, FOIA, and third-party reanalysis.

Main Results:

  • Only two IQA requests specifically sought raw data; both were processed under FOIA, not IQA.
  • Significant barriers exist for proactive U.S. EPA raw data collection, including costs, time burdens, and regulatory delays.
  • U.S. EPA's authority is limited for past, non-federally funded, or foreign research, and by industry claims of confidential business information (CBI).

Conclusions:

  • A database registering studies with systematic parameters and results is more feasible than proactive raw data collection.
  • The National Institutes of Health Clinical Trials database serves as a potential model for chemical and pesticide study data registration.
  • Proposed registration system would not preclude future rights to obtain raw data under the IQA.