Whole-genome analysis personalizes breast cancer treatment

    Cancer Discovery
    |December 12, 2012
    PubMed

    Insights

    Whole-genome analysis of metastatic breast cancer patients identified targetable genomic alterations in most tumors. This finding supports precision medicine approaches for advanced breast cancer treatment.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Genomics
    • Translational Research

    Background:

    • The SAFIR01 trial investigated genomic profiles in metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
    • Understanding the molecular landscape of MBC is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

    Discussion:

    • Whole-genome sequencing revealed actionable genomic alterations in a significant proportion of MBC tumors.
    • These alterations represent potential targets for novel cancer drug development.

    Key Insights:

    • Genomic alterations targetable by existing cancer drugs were identified in 172 out of 248 (69%) MBC patients.
    • This highlights the prevalence of targetable mutations in advanced breast cancer.

    Outlook:

    • Results support the utility of comprehensive genomic profiling for guiding treatment decisions in MBC.
    • Further research can explore the clinical benefit of targeting these identified genomic alterations.

    Related Concept Videos

    Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

    Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

    Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
    The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
    Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

    Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

    Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
    Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

    Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

    Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
    Cancer02:18

    Cancer

    Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
    Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

    Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

    Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
    When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
    Such genes that act...