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Related Concept Videos

Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
Social Anxiety Disorder01:28

Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic circuitry.
Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone01:29

Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone

Benzodiazepines are a class of anxiolytic drugs known for their rapid efficacy and high therapeutic-to-lethal dose ratio, but with a potential risk of drug dependence. These drugs are lipophilic, allowing for rapid absorption after oral administration, eventually reaching the central nervous system (CNS). Once in the CNS, benzodiazepines bind to the allosteric site of the GABAA receptor. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter GABA. By doing so, they prevent...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat
11:18

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Published on: September 12, 2014

Anxiety disorders.

Cornelia Mohr1, Silvia Schneider

  • 1Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
|December 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The DSM-5 now includes childhood anxiety disorders, but diagnostic systems like ICD-10 need better alignment. Developmentally sensitive tools and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of childhood anxiety.

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Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat
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Published on: September 12, 2014

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychopathology
  • Child and adolescent psychiatry
  • Clinical psychology

Background:

  • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) integrates developmental psychopathology principles for childhood anxiety disorders.
  • This reflects a shift from earlier versions (DSM-III, DSM-IV) that excluded these disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the implications of the DSM-5's developmental perspective on childhood anxiety disorders.
  • To assess diagnostic concordance between DSM-5 and ICD-10.
  • To review evidence-based assessment and treatment approaches for childhood anxiety.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic criteria and empirical evidence.
  • Analysis of diagnostic concordance between DSM-5 and ICD-10.
  • Evaluation of assessment strategies (multi-informant, multi-method) and treatment efficacy (cognitive-behavioral therapy).

Main Results:

  • DSM-5's developmental approach improves diagnostic practice but lowers concordance with ICD-10.
  • Age-sensitive, multi-informant assessment is recommended for reliable identification of anxiety disorders.
  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the primary evidence-based treatment; disorder-specific CBT shows greater efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • DSM-5's evidence-based approach requires complementary child-friendly, developmentally sensitive assessment tools.
  • Bridging the diagnostic gap between DSM-5 and ICD-10 is necessary.
  • Further research on evidence-based treatments for childhood anxiety disorders is warranted.