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Related Concept Videos

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction01:30

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction

Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
Bioequivalence of Drugs: Drugs with Multiple Indications01:09

Bioequivalence of Drugs: Drugs with Multiple Indications

The concept of therapeutic equivalence (TE) in drugs with multiple indications is complex. A generic drug may be therapeutically equivalent to a brand-name product for one specific indication, but this doesn't necessarily mean it's equivalent for all other indications. Evidence of TE in one patient group and bioequivalence shown in healthy volunteers can support—but not confirm—TE for other indications. However, definitive proof requires individual clinical studies for each indication due to...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

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Related Experiment Videos

[Multimorbidity and multi-target-therapy with herbal drugs].

R Saller1, M Rostock

  • 1Institut für Naturheilkunde, Universitätsspital Zürich. reinhard.saller@usz.ch

Praxis
|December 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Herbal medicines with anti-inflammatory properties offer potential benefits for multimorbidity by targeting multiple pathways. Further clinical research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of these natural anti-inflammatory agents.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Integrative Medicine
  • Herbal Medicine

Context:

  • Herbal drugs possess pleiotropic, multi-target properties, notably anti-inflammatory effects.
  • These properties are increasingly recognized for managing multimorbidity and potentially preventing metastasis.
  • A growing body of experimental data supports the use of European and non-European herbal drugs for these applications.

Purpose:

  • To explore the role of pleiotropic anti-inflammatory effects of herbal drugs in managing multimorbidity.
  • To highlight the potential of specific herbal remedies, like St. John's Wort and milk thistle, in simultaneous disease and inflammation management.
  • To underscore the need for therapy-oriented clinical research to validate these findings.

Summary:

  • Herbal medicines contain multi-ingredient compounds with pleiotropic and multi-target properties, including anti-inflammatory effects.
  • These characteristics suggest a role in managing multimorbidity and potentially retarding metastasis.
  • St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) and milk thistle are highlighted as well-researched examples with broad applications and anti-inflammatory benefits.

Impact:

  • The anti-inflammatory actions of herbal drugs could offer an additional therapeutic advantage, particularly in multimorbid patients with conditions like depression and coronary heart disease.
  • Specific selection of herbs with proven efficacy and anti-inflammatory effects allows for simultaneous treatment of disease and inflammation.
  • Despite promising experimental data, there is a significant need for robust clinical studies to establish quality, safety, and therapeutic efficacy.