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Immunomodulatory effects of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis TH10 on murine macrophage cells

Tomohiro Itoh1, Yasuyoshi Miyake, Ayumi Onda

  • 1Laboratory of Aquatic Food Science, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan. titoh@nara.kindai.ac.jp

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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