Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Accuracy and Errors in Hypothesis Testing01:13

Accuracy and Errors in Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis testing is a fundamental statistical tool that begins with the assumption that the null hypothesis H0 is true. During this process, two types of errors can occur: Type I and Type II. A Type I error refers to the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves the failure to reject a false null hypothesis.
In hypothesis testing, the probability of making a Type I error, denoted as α, is commonly set at 0.05. This significance level indicates a 5% chance...
Errors In Hypothesis Tests01:14

Errors In Hypothesis Tests

When performing a hypothesis test, there are four possible outcomes depending on the actual truth (or falseness) of the null hypothesis and the decision to reject or not.
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
False Memories01:18

False Memories

False memories represent a cognitive distortion in which individuals recall events that did not happen, or remember them in an altered form. This phenomenon highlights the brain's constructive nature in processing and recalling memories, emphasizing that memory is not a perfect representation of past events but rather a dynamic reconstruction influenced by various factors.
One primary source of false memories is misattribution, where individuals incorrectly associate external information with...
Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
Bias01:22

Bias

Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evaluating effects of synchronous music reinforcement on increasing treadmill walking speed in a stepwise fashion.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2026
Same author

Increasing Praise by Staff Members in Juvenile Facility: A Group Contingency Approach.

Behavior modification·2025
Same author

Reducing Psychotropic Medication Use in Foster-Care Children with a Personalized Medication Review.

Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology·2025
Same author

Using high-preference and low-preference music in a synchronous reinforcement treadmill preparation: A further extension.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2025
Same author

Effects of rules on schedule performance with synchronous schedules of reinforcement.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior·2025
Same author

Schedule control with a synchronous reinforcement treadmill preparation: A replication and extension.

Journal of applied behavior analysis·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Efficient Sampling of Genetically Encoded Biosensor Design Space Enabled with a Design of Experiments and Automation Workflow
08:58

Efficient Sampling of Genetically Encoded Biosensor Design Space Enabled with a Design of Experiments and Automation Workflow

Published on: October 17, 2025

Detecting false positives in A-B designs: potential implications for practitioners.

Tyler K Krueger1, John T Rapp, Lisa M Ott

  • 1St. Cloud State University, MN, USA.

Behavior Modification
|December 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A-B graphs are reliable for intervention analysis. This study found few false positives when data were random, suggesting A-B designs are effective clinical tools.

Keywords:
A-B designsexperimental controlexperimental designfalse positivesvisual analysis

More Related Videos

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime
07:36

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime

Published on: May 3, 2016

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
07:26

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Efficient Sampling of Genetically Encoded Biosensor Design Space Enabled with a Design of Experiments and Automation Workflow
08:58

Efficient Sampling of Genetically Encoded Biosensor Design Space Enabled with a Design of Experiments and Automation Workflow

Published on: October 17, 2025

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime
07:36

An Experimental Analysis of Children's Ability to Provide a False Report about a Crime

Published on: May 3, 2016

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
07:26

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral analysis
  • Research methodology

Background:

  • A-B graphs are commonly used in single-case research designs.
  • Concerns exist regarding the potential for false positives in A-B graph interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the probability of generating false positives using A-B graphs.
  • To assess the reliability of A-B designs in intervention evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Generated 3,000 A-B graphs with varying data point stability (stable A-phase at 25% and 50%, random A-phase) and random B-phase data.
  • Analyzed the occurrence of false positives across different data conditions.

Main Results:

  • False positives were observed in a significant percentage of graphs with nonrandom A-phase data.
  • Less than 2% of graphs with random data in both A and B phases produced false positives.

Conclusions:

  • A-B designs demonstrate a lower false positive rate with random data than previously thought.
  • A-B designs may be a more robust clinical tool for intervention assessment than recognized.