Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 16, 2026

09:54
Safety Precautions and Operating Procedures in an (A)BSL-4 Laboratory: 1. Biosafety Level 4 Suit Laboratory Suite Entry and Exit Procedures
Published on: October 3, 2016
Confined space entry past, present, and future: where do we go from here?
1G&G Risk Management Consultants, Inc., Antioch, Calif., USA.
Occupational Health & Safety (Waco, Tex.)
|December 15, 2012
Summary
Eliminate confined space entries by using specialized equipment, redesigning procedures, and adopting creative solutions. Prioritizing "no entry" is the safest approach to confined space management.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Safety and Health
- Industrial Hygiene
Background:
- Confined spaces pose significant risks to workers.
- Traditional entry procedures often involve inherent dangers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore methods for eliminating or reducing confined space entry.
- To promote innovative safety strategies in industrial settings.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing safety protocols.
- Identification of alternative technologies and procedural modifications.
- Emphasis on non-entry by design principles.
Main Results:
- Specialized equipment can mitigate risks.
- Procedural changes and creative approaches reduce the need for entry.
- Non-entry by design is a viable strategy.
Conclusions:
- The safest method for confined spaces is complete avoidance of entry.
- Continuous innovation in safety practices is essential.
- Challenging traditional methods can lead to enhanced worker safety.
Related Concept Videos
Placing Concrete
The concrete is placed as close as possible to its final position to avoid segregation. The placed concrete is then fully compacted to expel the entrapped air, and the next layer of concrete is laid while the underlying layer is still in the plastic state. The rate at which concrete is placed and compacted is kept equal.
While placing concrete, care is taken to ensure that the concrete is laid in uniform layers, and hand shoveling and moving concrete using poker vibrators is avoided. Also,...
While placing concrete, care is taken to ensure that the concrete is laid in uniform layers, and hand shoveling and moving concrete using poker vibrators is avoided. Also,...
Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls
Masonry walls are subject to slight expansion and contraction due to variations in temperature and moisture. Thermal movement in masonry is relatively straightforward to measure and plan for. On the other hand, moisture movement poses more of a challenge. New clay masonry units typically absorb water and expand over time under normal environmental conditions. Conversely, new concrete masonry units tend to shrink as they lose the excess moisture acquired during their production process.
To...
To...
Segregation in Fresh Concrete
Segregation in fresh concrete is a phenomenon where the components of the concrete mix separate, leading to uneven distribution and compromised structural integrity. This separation typically occurs when concrete is subjected to excessive horizontal movement within forms, or when it is dropped from considerable heights or forced through narrow, winding paths. As a result, heavier coarse aggregate particles settle at the bottom, while lighter, finer materials such as cement and water rise to the...
Efflorescence in Masonry
Efflorescence in masonry walls appears as a fluffy crystalline powder, often white, resulting from water-soluble salts within the masonry or mortar. When water penetrates the masonry, it dissolves these salts and brings them to the surface, where they are deposited upon evaporation of water.
While initial efflorescence is common post-construction and can be cleaned with water and a brush, in certain instances, efflorescence can reappear and gradually diminish over time as salts are leached out...
While initial efflorescence is common post-construction and can be cleaned with water and a brush, in certain instances, efflorescence can reappear and gradually diminish over time as salts are leached out...
Survey Safety
Surveying near highways, rough terrain, or power lines involves significant risks. Working along highways is particularly dangerous and requires the use of warning signs and flagmen. It is safest to avoid working directly on roads and use offsets whenever possible. When highway work is unavoidable, it must follow all safety guidelines. Surveyors should wear bright clothing, such as orange reflective vests, to ensure visibility to motorists, coworkers, and hunters. In construction zones, wearing...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...

