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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...

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Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
10:33

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Published on: August 14, 2019

Diffusion abnormalities in pediatric mild traumatic brain injury.

Andrew R Mayer1, Josef M Ling, Zhen Yang

  • 1The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, USA. amayer@mrn.org

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|December 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI) shows lasting white matter changes and cognitive deficits in attention and processing speed. Anisotropic diffusion metrics accurately identify pmTBI but don't correlate with cognitive scores, suggesting slow physiological recovery.

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Investigations on Alterations of Hippocampal Circuit Function Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI) is common and causes acute/chronic neurobehavioral issues.
  • Pathophysiology and recovery patterns of pmTBI remain poorly understood.
  • Developing white matter may be uniquely vulnerable to injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate white matter microstructure and cognitive function in children with pmTBI.
  • Identify objective biomarkers for pmTBI.
  • Assess white matter recovery over a 4-month period.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics (FA, AD, RD) analyzed in 15 pmTBI patients and 15 controls.
  • Novel analytic strategy for spatially heterogeneous white matter injuries.
  • Neuropsychological testing for attention and processing speed.

Main Results:

  • pmTBI patients exhibited cognitive deficits in attention and processing speed.
  • Increased anisotropic diffusion and white matter clusters found in pmTBI patients.
  • DTI metrics achieved 90% accuracy in classifying pmTBI from controls, independent of cognitive deficits.
  • Limited white matter recovery observed over 4 months.

Conclusions:

  • Anisotropic diffusion serves as an objective biomarker for pediatric mild TBI.
  • White matter abnormalities in pmTBI may be more severe and persistent than previously thought.
  • Physiological recovery in pmTBI may lag behind subjective symptom resolution.