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Blood flow determination by the laser speckle method.

B Ruth1

  • 1Gesellschaft für Strahlen- und Umweltforschung mbH München, FRG.

International Journal of Microcirculation, Clinical and Experimental
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Laser speckle imaging measures skin blood flow by analyzing light scattering dynamics. Electronic signal processing accounts for tissue movement, providing a reliable relative blood flow measure comparable to other physiological parameters.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optical Physics
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Skin blood flow is crucial for thermoregulation and tissue oxygenation.
  • Laser speckle imaging (LSI) offers a non-invasive method to assess microvascular dynamics.
  • Understanding confounding factors like tissue movement is essential for accurate LSI measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the dynamics of laser speckle patterns for measuring skin blood flow.
  • To investigate and quantify the impact of "tissue movement" on LSI measurements.
  • To validate the developed electronic signal processing method for relative blood flow quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized laser speckle imaging with a 6 cm working distance and a 1.5 mm beam spot size.
  • Analyzed time-dependent speckle intensity I(t) using a photomultiplier.
  • Employed electronic signal processing to differentiate blood flow from tissue movement, yielding a relative measure (M).
  • Compared LSI-derived blood flow (M) with skin temperature, transcutaneous oxygen tension, and laser Doppler signals.

Main Results:

  • Identified "tissue movement" with velocities comparable to capillary blood flow, necessitating correction.
  • Developed electronic signal processing effectively reduced the influence of tissue movement on blood flow measurements.
  • The relative blood flow measure (M) showed similar trends to skin temperature, oxygen tension, and laser Doppler signals during ischemia and reactive hyperemia.
  • Successful measurements were demonstrated even in open wounds of patients with leg ulcers.

Conclusions:

  • Laser speckle imaging is a viable technique for measuring skin blood flow.
  • Accounting for "tissue movement" through signal processing is critical for accurate LSI.
  • The method shows promise for clinical applications, including in challenging conditions like leg ulcers.

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