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Double-stranded RNA Oral Delivery Methods to Induce RNA Interference in Phloem and Plant-sap-feeding Hemipteran Insects

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Enemy release promotes range expansion in a host plant.

Poppy Lakeman-Fraser¹, Robert M Ewers

¹Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire, UK. poppy.lakeman-fraser08@imperial.ac.uk

|December 15, 2012

Summary

Biotic interactions, like herbivory, significantly impact plant range limits. Excluding herbivores outside a plant's native range promotes better survival and growth, suggesting enemy release can aid species colonization.

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Biogeography
Climate Change Biology

Background:

Climate is a primary driver of species distribution.
Biotic interactions are increasingly recognized as crucial for predicting range shifts under climate change.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of herbivory in limiting the latitudinal range of the understory shrub Macropiper excelsum.
To test if biotic interactions affect survival and growth at range limits and within forest fragments.

Main Methods:

Translocation studies of Macropiper excelsum at and beyond its poleward range limit.
Monitoring survival and growth rates in relation to herbivore presence.
Comparing performance in forest core versus edge environments.

Main Results:

Macropiper excelsum survived and grew better poleward of its current range limit.
Enhanced growth and survival outside the natural range correlated with reduced herbivory.
Forest core environments showed more pronounced positive effects of reduced herbivory.

Conclusions:

Herbivory significantly limits plant distribution at range margins.
Enemy release, where predators are absent in newly colonized areas, can facilitate range expansion.
Predicting future species distributions requires integrating biotic interactions with climate change projections.