Secondhand smoke exposure in the nonsmoking section: how much protection?

Area of Science:

• Environmental Health
• Occupational Health
• Public Health

Background:

• Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure remains a significant public health concern in hospitality venues where smoking is permitted.
• This study addresses the effectiveness of designated nonsmoking sections in reducing SHS exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantify the reduction in SHS exposure in nonsmoking sections of hospitality venues that permit smoking.
• To compare the effectiveness of designated nonsmoking sections with comprehensive smoking bans.

Main Methods:

• Simultaneous measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and gas-phase tracers of SHS were conducted in smoking and nonsmoking sections of 14 Minnesota hospitality venues.
• Measurements included photometer readings for PM2.5 and analysis of specific gas compounds (pyridine, pyrrole, 3-EP, nicotine).

Main Results:

• Nonsmoking sections showed a median PM2.5 reduction of 35% compared to smoking sections (ratio 0.65).
• Gas-phase compounds exhibited varying levels of reduction, with more volatile compounds showing lower ratios.
• Following smoking bans at 13 venues, PM2.5 levels in former smoking sections decreased by 94%.

Conclusions:

• Designated nonsmoking sections offer partial protection against SHS but are insufficient.
• A comprehensive smoking ban, eliminating smoking in all indoor spaces, is the only effective measure to ensure adequate protection from SHS exposure.