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"International Migration and Gender Discrimination among Children Left Behind"
1Department of Economics, University of Colorado at Boulder, 256 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0256 ( Francisca.Antman@Colorado.edu ).
The American Economic Review
|December 15, 2012
Summary
International migration of household heads impacts resource allocation. While the head is away, more resources go to girls; upon return, spending shifts to boys.
Area of Science:
- Economics
- Sociology
- Development Studies
Background:
- International migration is a significant global phenomenon.
- Household resource allocation is influenced by various factors, including migration.
- Gender disparities in resource allocation within households are a persistent concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of head of household international migration on intra-household resource allocation between sons and daughters.
- To analyze how the presence or absence of the migrant household head influences gendered resource distribution.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing a differences-in-differences regression model.
- Comparing households with absent migrant heads to those with returned migrant heads.
- Analyzing resource allocation patterns based on the migrant's return status.
Main Results:
- A temporary shift in resource allocation favoring girls occurs when the head of household is abroad.
- Upon the migrant head's return, resource allocation patterns revert, favoring boys.
- Migration's temporary absence alters gendered resource distribution within the household.
Conclusions:
- International migration of household heads has a dynamic, albeit temporary, impact on gendered resource allocation.
- Household composition and the presence of the primary earner significantly influence intra-household resource distribution.
- Policies addressing migration should consider the nuanced effects on family resource allocation and gender equality.
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