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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNAs

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Mouse Fetal Whole Intestine Culture System for Ex Vivo Manipulation of Signaling Pathways and Three-dimensional Live Imaging of Villus Development

Mouse Fetal Whole Intestine Culture System for Ex Vivo Manipulation of Signaling Pathways and Three-dimensional Live Imaging of Villus Development

Published on: September 4, 2014

Oral lining mucosa development depends on mesenchymal microRNAs.

Y Otsuka-Tanaka¹, S Oommen, M Kawasaki

¹Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, and Biomedical Research Centre, Dental Institute, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, UK.

Journal of Dental Research

|December 18, 2012

Summary

Mesenchymal microRNAs (miRNAs) influence oral mucosa development. Conditional deletion of Dicer in mice caused lining mucosa to transform into masticatory-like epithelium, revealing miRNA

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Co-Culture of Murine Small Intestine Epithelial Organoids with Innate Lymphoid Cells

Co-Culture of Murine Small Intestine Epithelial Organoids with Innate Lymphoid Cells

Published on: March 23, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Mouse Fetal Whole Intestine Culture System for Ex Vivo Manipulation of Signaling Pathways and Three-dimensional Live Imaging of Villus Development

Mouse Fetal Whole Intestine Culture System for Ex Vivo Manipulation of Signaling Pathways and Three-dimensional Live Imaging of Villus Development

Published on: September 4, 2014

Co-Culture of Murine Small Intestine Epithelial Organoids with Innate Lymphoid Cells

Co-Culture of Murine Small Intestine Epithelial Organoids with Innate Lymphoid Cells

Published on: March 23, 2022

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Molecular Biology
Oral Biology

Background:

The oral mucosa, comprising masticatory, lining, and specialized types, has distinct functions and development.
Molecular mechanisms underlying oral mucosa differentiation are not fully understood.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression, crucial for fine-tuning developmental processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of mesenchymal microRNAs (miRNAs) in oral mucosa development.
To elucidate the molecular pathways involved in the differentiation of oral mucosal tissues.

Main Methods:

Utilized a mouse model with conditional deletion of Dicer in the Wnt1-expressing mesenchymal cells (Wnt1Cre;Dicer(fl/fl)).
Analyzed the histological and molecular characteristics of the oral mucosa in mutant mice.
Examined gene expression patterns, focusing on Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) signaling.

Main Results:

Mesenchymal Dicer deletion led to the trans-differentiation of lining mucosa into an epithelium resembling masticatory mucosa and skin.
Upregulation of FGF signaling was observed in the mutant lining mucosal epithelium.
Increased Fgf7 expression in the mutant mesenchyme suggests an indirect role of mesenchymal miRNAs in epithelial cell regulation.

Conclusions:

Mesenchymal microRNAs play a critical, albeit indirect, role in regulating the growth and differentiation of oral lining mucosal epithelium.
Disruption of miRNA processing in the mesenchyme can induce significant changes in oral mucosal tissue characteristics.
FGF signaling is implicated as a downstream pathway affected by mesenchymal miRNA dysregulation in oral mucosa development.