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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...

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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

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Asthma I: Introduction

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Asthma presents with a characteristic pattern of episodic respiratory symptoms that reflect underlying airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus hypersecretion. Although severity varies among individuals, certain clinical manifestations are considered hallmarks of the disorder and often guide diagnosis and assessment.Respiratory SymptomsA persistent cough is one of the most common early features of asthma. It is frequently dry and tends to worsen at night or in the early morning,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Murine Model of Allergen Induced Asthma

Published on: May 14, 2012

Occupational asthma caused by guar gum.

F Lagier¹, A Cartier, J Somer

¹Department of Chest Diseases and Allergology, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille, France.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

|April 1, 1990

Summary

Occupational exposure to guar gum can trigger asthma and rhinitis in atopic individuals. This study highlights guar gum as a potential workplace allergen, necessitating further investigation into respiratory sensitization.

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Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Allergology
Pulmonology

Background:

Vegetable gums, including guar gum derived from Cyanopsis tetragonolobus, are increasingly used in industrial applications.
Previous reports suggest some vegetable gums may cause asthma, but specific data on guar gum is limited.

Observation:

Three atopic subjects exposed to guar gum powder at pharmaceutical and carpet-manufacturing plants developed rhinitis and asthma symptoms.
All subjects exhibited mild bronchial hyperresponsiveness and immediate skin reactions to guar gum.
Elevated serum IgE antibodies specific to guar gum were detected in all three individuals.

Findings:

Specific inhalation challenges with guar gum powder induced immediate bronchospastic reactions in two subjects.
A dual asthmatic reaction (immediate and late-phase) was observed in one subject following guar gum challenge.
These findings confirm guar gum as an occupational allergen capable of inducing respiratory allergic responses.

Implications:

Guar gum exposure should be considered a potential cause of occupational asthma and rhinitis.
Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of guar gum-induced respiratory sensitization.
Implementation of workplace safety measures to minimize guar gum inhalation is recommended.