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Related Concept Videos

Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.

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Related Experiment Video

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Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53
14:57

Yeast As a Chassis for Developing Functional Assays to Study Human P53

Published on: August 4, 2019

Shaping the p53 response with nucleoporins.

Melanie L Yarbrough1, Michael A White, Beatriz M A Fontoura

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.

Molecular Cell
|December 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The nucleoporin Nup98 protects specific mRNAs from degradation during genotoxic stress. This suggests wild-type Nup98 may function as a tumor suppressor.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Stress Response

Background:

  • Genotoxic stress can lead to DNA damage and cellular dysfunction.
  • The p53 pathway is a critical regulator of cellular responses to stress.
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) stability is crucial for gene expression and cellular homeostasis.

Discussion:

  • Singer et al. (2012) investigated the role of the nucleoporin Nup98 in cellular adaptation to genotoxic stress.
  • The study focused on how Nup98 influences the stability of p53-induced mRNAs.
  • Exosome-dependent degradation is a key pathway for mRNA turnover.

Key Insights:

  • Nup98 protects specific p53-induced mRNAs from exosome-dependent degradation.
  • This protective mechanism supports cellular adaptation to genotoxic stress.

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Purification of Ubiquitinated p53 Proteins from Mammalian Cells
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  • Wild-type Nup98 exhibits characteristics of a tumor suppressor.

    • Outlook:

    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms by which Nup98 regulates mRNA stability.
    • Investigating Nup98's role in various cancer types could reveal therapeutic targets.
    • Understanding Nup98's function may lead to novel strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.