Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
Neural Circuits01:25

Neural Circuits

Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...
First-Order Circuits01:15

First-Order Circuits

First-order electrical circuits, which comprise resistors and a single energy storage element - either a capacitor or an inductor, are fundamental to many electronic systems. These circuits are governed by a first-order differential equation that describes the relationship between input and output signals.
One common example of a first-order circuit is the RC (resistor-capacitor) circuit. These circuits are used in relaxation oscillators such as neon lamp oscillator circuits. When voltage is...
Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
Network Function of a Circuit01:25

Network Function of a Circuit

Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
Second-Order Circuits01:17

Second-Order Circuits

Integrating two fundamental energy storage elements in electrical circuits results in second-order circuits, encompassing RLC circuits and circuits with dual capacitors or inductors (RC and RL circuits). Second-order circuits are identified by second-order differential equations that link input and output signals.
Input signals typically originate from voltage or current sources, with the output often representing voltage across the capacitor and/or current through the inductor. For example, in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Laminar architecture of visual and auditory responses in the supplementary eye field of macaques.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)·2026
Same author

Separating decision and motor contributions to behavioral biases induced by manipulating stimulus probability.

Cognitive psychology·2026
Same author

Transcranial ultrasound stimulation of motor networks in Parkinson's disease informed by local field potential dynamics.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same author

Visual cortical dynamics supporting predictable attentional capture.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Factorial variation of saccade vigor with dual decision processes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

A Preparatory Cranial Potential for Saccadic Eye Movements in Macaque Monkeys.

eNeuro·2025
Same journal

Population codes for context-dependent decision-making.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2026
Same journal

Cichlid fish as a model for understanding social dysfunction.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2026
Same journal

On aims and methods in field neuroethology: Investigating neural mechanisms of behavior in semi-natural and natural contexts.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2026
Same journal

Neurobiological interfaces connecting environmental change to monarch butterfly migration.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2026
Same journal

Learning how to experience the world: From circuits to cell types to genes.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2026
Same journal

Editorial overview for neurobiology of disease 2026.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

Macrocircuits: decision networks.

Jeffrey D Schall1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt Vision Research Center, Center for Integrative & Cognitive Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA. jeffrey.d.schall@vanderbilt.edu

Current Opinion in Neurobiology
|December 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores how the brain makes decisions by categorizing and locating stimuli to guide actions. It focuses on neurophysiological data from nonhuman primates to understand neural mechanisms.

More Related Videos

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins
10:46

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins

Published on: October 18, 2022

Generation of Dynamical Environmental Conditions using a High-Throughput Microfluidic Device
14:48

Generation of Dynamical Environmental Conditions using a High-Throughput Microfluidic Device

Published on: April 17, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins
10:46

Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins

Published on: October 18, 2022

Generation of Dynamical Environmental Conditions using a High-Throughput Microfluidic Device
14:48

Generation of Dynamical Environmental Conditions using a High-Throughput Microfluidic Device

Published on: April 17, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Decision-Making Research

Background:

  • Accurate decision-making involves categorizing and localizing stimuli.
  • Responses can be executed via multiple effectors.
  • Action success monitoring is crucial for goal achievement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent empirical and theoretical developments in decision-making.
  • To emphasize neurophysiological data from nonhuman primates.
  • To elucidate neural mechanisms underlying decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Selective review of empirical and theoretical literature.
  • Focus on neurophysiological data.
  • Analysis of studies involving nonhuman primates.

Main Results:

  • Identified key neural processes in stimulus categorization and localization.
  • Highlighted the role of action monitoring in adaptive behavior.
  • Synthesized findings on effector-independent and effector-specific response mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Nonhuman primate neurophysiology offers critical insights into decision-making neural circuits.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for explaining goal-directed behavior.
  • Future research should integrate behavioral, computational, and neurophysiological approaches.