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Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Technique for Studying Arthropod and Microbial Communities within Tree Tissues
Published on: November 16, 2014
Habitat pH characteristics of tree hole Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
1Science and Technology, Peru State College, NE 68421.
Abstract:
Ten species of Culicoides were collected from 166 tree holes at 20 widely separated geographic locations to assess relationships with habitat pH. Wet tree holes (containing standing water) had a mean pH of 7.46 while dry tree holes (no standing water) had a mean pH of 8.60. Culicoides arboricola, C. guttipennis and C. villosipennis occurred in wet tree holes that had mean pH values of 7.66, 7.95 and 7.31, respectively. Dry tree holes, where C. hinmani, C. elemae, C. paraensis, C. nanus, C. snowi and C. footei occurred, had pH values ranging from 8.13 to 9.08. Culicoides lahillei, a dry tree hole species, was collected from habitats with a pH range similar to the wet tree hole species.
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