Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Other science opportunities at the FCC-ee.

European physical journal plus·2026

Same author

Association of breastfeeding duration with longitudinal changes in vertebral bone marrow, paraspinal muscle composition, and metabolic parameters in premenopausal women over five years.

European journal of radiology·2025

Same author

Staphylococcus aureus Serine protease-like protein A (SplA) induces IL-8 by keratinocytes and synergizes with IL-17A.

Cytokine·2024

Same author

Impacts of metal mining on river systems: a global assessment.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2023

Same author

Formation of Re-Aggregated Neonatal Porcine Islet Clusters Improves <i>In Vitro</i> Function and Transplantation Outcome.

Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation·2023

Same author

Computational ballistic analysis of the cranial shot to John F. Kennedy.

Forensic science international·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Generating Human Pancreatic Tissue Slices to Study Endocrine and Exocrine Pancreas Physiology

Generating Human Pancreatic Tissue Slices to Study Endocrine and Exocrine Pancreas Physiology

Published on: March 15, 2024

[Update on type 1 diabetes].

I Heukamp¹, C Then, A Lechner

¹Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Diabeteszentrum, Klinikum der Universität München, Ziemssenstr. 1, 80336, München.

|December 19, 2012

Summary

Intensive insulin therapy (ICT) improves quality of life and reduces complications for type 1 diabetes patients. Individualized treatment plans, including managing cardiovascular risks, are key for optimal blood glucose control and well-being.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Metabolic Diseases
Autoimmune Disorders

Background:

Type 1a diabetes is an autoimmune condition causing absolute insulin deficiency and ketosis.
Prospective studies demonstrate intensive insulin therapy (ICT) enhances quality of life and mitigates microvascular and macrovascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline current therapeutic strategies for type 1 diabetes.
To emphasize individualized treatment goals and management of associated cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Methods:

Review of prospective studies on intensive insulin therapy (ICT).
Discussion of basal-bolus insulin regimens considering patient lifestyle.
Integration of current guidelines for managing dyslipidemia and hypertension.

More Related Videos

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells

Published on: May 6, 2013

Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice

Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice

Published on: November 18, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Generating Human Pancreatic Tissue Slices to Study Endocrine and Exocrine Pancreas Physiology

Generating Human Pancreatic Tissue Slices to Study Endocrine and Exocrine Pancreas Physiology

Published on: March 15, 2024

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells

Published on: May 6, 2013

Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice

Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice

Published on: November 18, 2022

Main Results:

ICT improves quality of life and reduces diabetes-associated complications.
Individualized HbA1c targets (<7.0% well-controlled, ≤6.5% excellent control) are achievable without severe hypoglycemia.
Management of cardiovascular risk factors is crucial for adult patients.

Conclusions:

The gold standard for type 1 diabetes management is individualized ICT with basal-bolus insulin.
A multimodal approach, including managing cardiovascular risks, is essential for preserving patient quality of life.