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Theranostics in primary care: pharmacogenomics tests and beyond.
Gillian Bartlett1, Jumana Antoun, Nathalie K Zgheib
1Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) offers personalized medicine through targeted drug therapy. Integrating PGx testing into primary care is crucial for improving drug efficacy and reducing adverse events, despite current limitations.
Area of Science:
- Theranostics and Personalized Medicine
- Pharmacogenomics (PGx) Applications
- Primary Care Integration
Background:
- Theranostics expands personalized medicine beyond drugs to vaccines and disease susceptibility.
- Primary care settings are overlooked in personalized medicine despite their patient volume and access.
- Pharmacogenomics, a theranostic tool, uses genetic variations for targeted drug therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advances in pharmacogenomics (PGx) applications.
- To identify barriers to PGx adoption in primary care.
- To propose recommendations for integrating PGx into primary care.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent advances in pharmacogenomics (PGx) applications.
- Analysis of barriers to PGx implementation from a primary care perspective.
- Examination of current efforts to advance PGx in primary care.
Main Results:
- PGx testing in primary care is currently limited.
- Primary care physicians' role in PGx-based prescribing is expected to increase.
- Significant opportunities exist to characterize genomic variation for improved drug response.
Conclusions:
- Integrating PGx into primary care is essential for reducing adverse drug events and enhancing efficacy.
- Addressing barriers is key to accelerating the adoption of PGx in primary care settings.
- A 5-year forecast is proposed to guide the convergence of PGx and primary care.
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