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Hemodynamic characteristics of the vertebrobasilar system analyzed using MRI-based models
Amanda K Wake-Buck1, J Christopher Gatenby, John C Gore
1Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. amanda.buck@vanderbilt.edu
Plos One
|December 20, 2012
Summary
Quantitative assessments of vertebrobasilar system (VBS) hemodynamics using MRI and CFD modeling reveal that vessel geometry significantly impacts flow patterns. This approach can help predict atherosclerosis development in the brain's posterior circulation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- The vertebrobasilar system (VBS) is crucial for posterior brain circulation, where two arteries merge into one.
- Atherosclerosis in the VBS confluence can lead to severe outcomes like artery occlusion.
- Understanding VBS hemodynamics is key to predicting and managing atherosclerotic disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively assess hemodynamics in the VBS using subject-specific models.
- To identify geometrical factors influencing flow patterns in the VBS confluence.
- To explore the potential of MRI and CFD for early disease detection and treatment evaluation.
Main Methods:
- High-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was employed.
- Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling was used for subject-specific VBS models (n=5).
- Analysis included geometrical classification of VBS in healthy adults (n=12).
Main Results:
- Vessel curvature and orientation significantly affected VBS flow parameters.
- Basilar artery geometry influenced velocity profiles and wall shear stress distribution.
- Helical flow was observed in most subjects, indicating complex flow dynamics beyond vertebral asymmetry.
Conclusions:
- Quantitative MRI and subject-specific CFD models effectively characterize VBS hemodynamics in healthy adults.
- This approach can predict flow features linked to atherosclerosis initiation and progression.
- It provides a foundation for studying VBS disease development and evaluating interventions.
