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Related Concept Videos

Finishing Concrete01:18

Finishing Concrete

Concrete finishing starts immediately after the concrete has been placed and consolidated. The initial step, screeding, involves leveling the concrete surface by removing excess material to flush it with the formwork's top. Following this, bull float or darby are employed to smooth the surface further, effectively lower high spots, fill low areas, and ensure larger aggregate particles are embedded within the concrete. This preparation is critical before the appearance of bleed water, as its...
Abrasion Resistance of Concrete01:23

Abrasion Resistance of Concrete

Abrasion resistance is an essential characteristic of concrete that determines its durability and longevity under various wear conditions. Concrete surfaces are vulnerable to different types of abrasion. For instance, surfaces may wear down due to the constant movement of vehicles or be eroded by solids carried in water, as seen in concrete canal linings. Specific tests are conducted to measure the abrasion resistance of concrete.
One such test is the revolving disc test, where three plates...
Bleeding in Fresh Concrete01:22

Bleeding in Fresh Concrete

Bleeding in fresh concrete occurs when water from the mix rises to the surface. This happens because the mix's solid components fail to retain all the water as they settle, leading to separation where water collects at the top. The severity of bleeding can be measured by assessing the total settlement or by noting the decrease in height per unit height of concrete.
Bleeding can cause several issues in the concrete structure. Sometimes, the rising water gets trapped beneath large aggregate...
Curing Methods01:26

Curing Methods

Concrete members with a small surface-to-volume ratio are cured by oiling and moistening the forms before casting the concrete member. These forms can be left in place for a prolonged period to prevent moisture loss, and can be wetted if made of a material suitable for wetting. If the forms are removed early, the concrete member is moistened and covered with polythene sheets to maintain moisture. For large horizontal concrete surfaces exposed to dry weather, a temporary covering is suspended...
Hot Weather Concreting01:20

Hot Weather Concreting

Concreting at elevated temperatures accelerates the hydration process, leading to quicker setting but potentially reducing the long-term strength of the concrete structure. Additionally, low air humidity fosters rapid moisture loss from the concrete, resulting in reduced workability, pronounced plastic shrinkage, and a higher likelihood of crazing.
Mitigating the heat increase in concrete can be economically achieved by shading aggregate stockpiles to prevent heating from solar radiation,...
Segregation in Fresh Concrete01:16

Segregation in Fresh Concrete

Segregation in fresh concrete is a phenomenon where the components of the concrete mix separate, leading to uneven distribution and compromised structural integrity. This separation typically occurs when concrete is subjected to excessive horizontal movement within forms, or when it is dropped from considerable heights or forced through narrow, winding paths. As a result, heavier coarse aggregate particles settle at the bottom, while lighter, finer materials such as cement and water rise to the...

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Assessing Disaster Resilience of Concrete with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
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Controlling dust from concrete saw cutting.

Susan Shepherd1, Susan Woskie

  • 1Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Department of Labor Standards, 167 Lyman St., Westborough, MA 01581, USA. Susan.Shepherd@state.ma.us

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
|December 21, 2012
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Wet cutting significantly reduces respirable dust exposure in concrete sawing. Water suppression, compared to dry cutting, lowers dust concentrations by over tenfold, demonstrating its effectiveness in construction settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health and Safety
  • Environmental Science
  • Construction Engineering

Background:

  • Gas-powered saws are widely used in construction for concrete cutting.
  • This process generates significant exposure to respirable crystalline silica, a known health hazard.
  • Effective dust control methods are crucial for worker protection in the construction industry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of water suppression methods in reducing respirable dust during concrete cutting.
  • To quantify dust reduction achieved by wet cutting compared to dry cutting.
  • To identify factors contributing to variability in dust exposure during concrete sawing.

Main Methods:

  • A field experiment was conducted with volunteers from the New England Laborers Training Center.
  • Concrete pipe was cut under both dry and wet (hose and sprayer) conditions.
  • Respirable dust concentrations were measured using a respirable cyclone, with 178 samples collected.

Main Results:

  • Dry cutting resulted in a geometric mean respirable dust concentration of 14.396 mg/m³.
  • Wet cutting reduced respirable dust concentration by 85% compared to dry cutting.
  • Control condition (wet vs. dry) explained the largest fraction of total exposure variability.

Conclusions:

  • Water suppression is highly effective in reducing respirable dust exposure during concrete cutting.
  • Worker experience and location also influence dust exposure variability.
  • Implementing wet cutting methods is essential for mitigating silica exposure risks in construction.