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Updated: May 15, 2026

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
Published on: July 20, 2022
Magnetic instrumentation and other applications of magnets in NOTES
Jarek Kobiela1, Szymon Grymek, Magdalena Wojanowska
1Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland.
Abstract:
Modern surgery is developing towards a minimally invasive approach. To minimize the trauma the number of ports is either limited as in single incision laparoscopic procedures or ports are introduced through natural orifices as in natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). To provide surgeons with appropriate instrumentation novel technologies are employed involving magnets. This article summarizes the theoretical background, technology and currently developed magnetic instrumentation for NOTES, laparoscopic surgery and endoscopy. Moreover, current limitations and future goals are addressed to outline the prospects for use of magnetic instrumentation in the surgery of tomorrow.
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