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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

Adding small differences can increase similarity and choice.

Jongmin Kim¹, Nathan Novemsky, Ravi Dhar

¹School of Business, Singapore Management University.

Psychological Science

|December 22, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Introducing small differences can surprisingly increase perceived similarity between objects. This finding challenges traditional models and suggests salient, differing attributes influence judgments, simplifying choices.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Decision Science
Behavioral Economics

Background:

Traditional models of object similarity assume more differences decrease perceived similarity.
Previous research has not explored how introducing differences can enhance similarity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether introducing small differences can increase perceived object similarity.
To challenge existing models of similarity judgment.
To explore the impact of increased similarity on choice difficulty and deferral.

Main Methods:

Experimental manipulation of attribute identity and difference.
Perceptual similarity judgments.
Choice difficulty and deferral measurements.

Main Results:

Introducing a small difference in a previously identical attribute increased perceived similarity.
Increased perceived similarity led to decreased choice difficulty.
Increased perceived similarity reduced the likelihood of choice deferral.

Conclusions:

Perceived similarity is not solely determined by the number of shared attributes.
Salient, differing attributes can increase perceived similarity.
Enhanced similarity can streamline decision-making processes.