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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
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Overview
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

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A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation
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A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation

Published on: March 24, 2023

Allergic contact dermatitis and cosmetics.

Shannon Watkins1, Jonathan Zippin

  • 1Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.

Cutis
|December 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contact dermatitis from cosmetics is rising due to increased product use. Dermatologists can identify cosmetic allergens through patch testing to help patients avoid reactions.

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Last Updated: May 15, 2026

A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation
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Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
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Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Published on: September 26, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Cosmetic Science

Background:

  • Contact dermatitis is a prevalent skin condition often triggered by allergens encountered in daily life, including home and work environments.
  • Cosmetics, widely used for therapeutic and aesthetic purposes, are a significant source of allergens, leading to increased rates of sensitization.
  • The diversity of cosmetic products contributes to a broad spectrum of potential allergenic ingredients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common allergens found in cosmetic products.
  • To identify specific types of cosmetics associated with known allergens.
  • To provide guidance for dermatologists in diagnosing and managing cosmetic-related contact allergies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of common cosmetic allergens.
  • Categorization of cosmetic products based on their allergenic components.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic tools such as patch testing.

Main Results:

  • Identified frequently encountered allergens in cosmetic formulations.
  • Linked specific cosmetic product types to their prevalent allergenic ingredients.
  • Highlighted the role of patch testing in identifying causative agents.

Conclusions:

  • Increased cosmetic use correlates with a rise in contact allergies to cosmetic ingredients.
  • Dermatological education and patch testing are crucial for diagnosing cosmetic contact dermatitis.
  • Identifying and avoiding specific cosmetic allergens empowers patients to manage their condition effectively.