Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology01:10

Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology

Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through collapsed...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Luis Agosti Romero. SEDAR president and WFSA vicepresident.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2023
Same author

Pre-Operative pro-adrenomedullin as a predictor of postoperative requirement of organ support in patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery. A prospective observational pilot study.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2019
Same author

Tattoos in obstetric patient. A challenge for epidural puncture.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2019
Same author

Modern approach to an old technique: Narrative revision of techniques used to locate the epidural space.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2017
Same author

"Do not do" recommendations of the Spanish Society of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Therapy. "Commitment to Quality by Scientific Societies" Project.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2016
Same author

[Anesthesiologists are the guarantors of security and quality in endoscopy rooms].

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2015
Same journal

RICA pathway (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Adults). 2026 update: Executive summary.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2026
Same journal

Viscoelastic testing: an essential tool for an efficient health system.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2026
Same journal

Therapeutic monitoring of beta-lactams in critically ill patients with sepsis: Clinical trial protocol.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2026
Same journal

Intraoperative haemodynamic support intensity as a marker of perioperative complexity and hospital resource utilization in noncardiac surgery.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2026
Same journal

Investigation of dye spread following ultrasound guided injection at the femoral nerve, proximal and distal adductor canal - A cadaver study.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2026
Same journal

Endotracheal tube-esophageal stent interaction in tracheoesophageal fistula: A rare complication.

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

[Pneumocephalus as a cause of a decrease in the bispectral index].

J L Herreras Gutiérrez1, F Gilsanz Rodríguez1

  • 1Servicio de Anestesia y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.

Revista Espanola De Anestesiologia Y Reanimacion
|December 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A patient experienced a sudden drop in bispectral index (BIS) after cerebellopontine angle tumor removal, likely due to pneumocephalus. Neurological function remained intact, and the patient recovered uneventfully with conservative management.

Keywords:
Bispectral indexElectroencefalogramaElectroencephalogramNeumoencéfaloNeurocirugíaNeurosurgeryPneumocephalusÍndice biespectral

More Related Videos

Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers
14:52

Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers

Published on: January 13, 2018

Monitoring Lung Function with Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Intensive Care Unit
05:56

Monitoring Lung Function with Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Intensive Care Unit

Published on: September 6, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 15, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers
14:52

Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers

Published on: January 13, 2018

Monitoring Lung Function with Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Intensive Care Unit
05:56

Monitoring Lung Function with Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Intensive Care Unit

Published on: September 6, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Anesthesiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Cerebellopontine angle tumors often require complex surgical removal.
  • General anesthesia necessitates continuous patient monitoring, including brain activity.
  • Retrosigmoid access is a common surgical approach for these tumors.

Observation:

  • A significant decrease in bispectral index (BIS) values was noted post-operatively.
  • An increase in the brain's suppression rate correlated with the BIS decrease.
  • The patient exhibited no overt neurological deficits despite the electrophysiological changes.

Findings:

  • The observed electrophysiological changes were attributed to frontal pneumocephalus, a complication of air entering the cranial cavity.
  • The bispectral index (BIS) values normalized, and the patient was successfully extubated.
  • Conservative management, focusing on air reabsorption, was chosen by the neurosurgical team.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of monitoring brain activity during neurosurgery, even in the absence of clinical signs.
  • Pneumocephalus can manifest with significant electrophysiological changes without immediate neurological impairment.
  • Conservative management can be effective for managing post-operative pneumocephalus in select neurosurgical cases.