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What's "up"? Working memory contents can bias orientation processing.

Lisa Scocchia1, Guido Marco Cicchini, Jochen Triesch

  • 1Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. scocchia@fias.uni-frankfurt.de

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Working memory contents bias visual perception. Memorizing a visual orientation causes a repulsive effect on subsequent orientation judgments, demonstrating a visual interference from working memory (WM).

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) plays a crucial role in retaining information for cognitive tasks.
  • The interaction between visual feature processing and WM contents is not fully understood.
  • Previous research suggests WM can influence cognitive processes, but its direct impact on visual perception requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how memorized visual features in working memory interact with the perception of similar visual stimuli.
  • To determine if working memory contents exert a direct influence on visual discrimination tasks.
  • To characterize the nature and duration of working memory interference in visual perception.

Main Methods:

  • Participants memorized the orientation of a Gabor patch.
  • Orientation discrimination tasks were performed during the retention interval.
  • A control condition involved attending to, but not memorizing, the Gabor patch.
  • Interference effects were measured by analyzing discrimination judgments and their stability over time.

Main Results:

  • Memorizing a Gabor patch orientation induced a repulsive bias in subsequent orientation discrimination judgments.
  • This working memory (WM) interference effect was significantly stronger than in a control condition where the stimulus was attended but not memorized.
  • The repulsive effect remained stable across two discrimination trials in the WM condition, unlike the control condition where it decayed.
  • The observed interference could not be attributed to differential cognitive load between conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory contents can directly bias visual perception.
  • The interference effect from WM is visual in nature.
  • This perceptual bias can persist for several seconds and is robust to intervening visual stimuli.