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Wigner crystal versus fermionization for one-dimensional Hubbard models with and without long-range interactions
Zhihao Xu1, Linhu Li, Gao Xianlong
1Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China. xuzhihao@outlook.com
The Hubbard model
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Quantum Many-Body Systems
Background:
- Investigating the Hubbard model, crucial for understanding interacting electron systems.
- Exploring the strongly repulsive on-site interaction regime.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clarify the conditions for Wigner crystal formation in the Hubbard model.
- To differentiate between 'fermionization' and true crystallization signatures.
- To assess the role of long-range interactions.
Main Methods:
- Exact diagonalization method for ground state properties.
- Analysis of density profiles and static structure factors.
Main Results:
- N-crests in density profiles result from fermionization, not solely Wigner crystallization.
- The standard Hubbard model without long-range interactions does not show crystallization signatures.
- Long-range interactions in the Hubbard model induce clear Wigner crystal signatures.
Conclusions:
- 'Fermionization' alone does not confirm Wigner crystal phase.
- Long-range interactions are critical for Wigner crystal formation.
- Distinguishing between these phenomena is essential for accurate phase identification.
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